Introduction and Overview
The following resources are widely used in clinical settings to screen and assess, design treatment protocol, prescribe medication and provide referrals for children and adolescents with substance use disorders.
HRSA has engaged experts from the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs and the Pacific Southwest Addiction Technology Transfer Center to provide an informative and exciting presentation on emerging and important issues pertaining to adolescent mental health and substance use disorder treatment.
Pediatric and Adolescent Mental Health and Substance Use
Watch the recording of Part 1 and the recording of Part 2.
Screening & Assessment
Flowchart to guide the process of considering diagnosis, safety check, and comorbidity.
CRAFFT Interview (Version 2.1)
Popular screening instrument for adolescents.
Quick questionnaire to help determine if an alcohol assessment is needed.
Popular screener used in primary care settings to screen for harmful alcohol consumption.
Treatment
Evidence-Based Treatments for Substance Use Disorders
- Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT): Approach to early intervention and treatment for individuals with substance use disorders or at risk of developing substance use disorders.
- American Addiction Centers (2020) outlines different commonly used therapies for substance use disorders. Commonly used modalities include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
- Therapist Aid offers various therapy worksheets related to substance use.
- Treating Substance Misuse Disorders with CBT (Beck Institute of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, 2016).
- Montana DPHHS offers useful information about Substance Use Disorder services and resources including provider information and licensed addiction counseling services.
Referral and Co-Management
- Montana DPHHS offers useful information about Substance Use Disorder services and resources including provider information and licensed addiction counseling services.
Medication
- Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is the use of medications in combination with counseling and behavioral therapies to treat addiction to opioids (SAMHSA, 2020).
Billing/Coding
96160
- Can code two per visit
- Code pays $7.91 (at well visit and at E+M visit)
- Examples: Bright Futures Adolescent Supplemental Questionnaire, GAPS, HEADSSS
96127
- Can code two per visit
- Code pays $4.10 (at well visit and at E+M visit)
- Examples: PSC, SCARED, CDI, CES-DEC, PHQ-9 Modified for Adolescents, Vanderbilt, Conners
99408
- May be reported in addition to E/M or Health Check
- Code pays $30.73 (only code if screen is positive & counseling is documented from 3-15 minutes)
- Examples: CRAFFT for Substance Use/Abuse
Additional Resources for Families
Websites
A Parent’s Guide to Preventing Underage Marijuana Use
Partnership for Drug-Free Kids
Washington Recovery Helpline (866-789-1511)
National Institute on Drug Abuse for Parents
RecoveryHub: Is an online search tool to find treatment resources
Prescription Drug Dropbox locations in Montana
Substance use disorders: Mayo Clinic provides information about symptoms, signs of intoxication, diagnosis and treatment, and prevention efforts.
Substance Abuse in Rural Areas: Rural Health Information Hub overviews common questions, signs of SUD, the impact of SUD on rural communities, and rural treatment options.
Harm Reduction Guide: American Addiction Center reviews the harm reduction model as a model for treatment with examples of utilization with various substances.
Advice on Establishing Rules Around Marijuana Use for Your Teen
Podcasts
Drug Impacted Babies/Children Part 1: In this episode Marshelle Lambert, a Supervisor Social Worker at the Bureau of Indian Affairs shares some of her knowledge from over 30 years of working with children and families in Montana.
Drug Impacted Babies/Children Part 2: In part two of this series, Dr. Bonnie Stephens the Medical Director of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Community Medical Center in Missoula shares her expertise on the effects that drug use has on babies in the womb. She also describes the developmental effects this exposure has on children as they grow.
NPR Life Kit explores six ways to support children who have parents with substance use disorder.
Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation podcast about the impact substance use disorder has on children.
I Want To Know More Podcast from ParentingMontana.org: Features episodes on Montana Marijuana Laws, Why Teen Shouldn’t Use Marijuana, and What Marijuana Does to the Teenage Brain.
Apps
Sober Grid: sober social network app for people to interact, support, and engage with other people also in recover.
SoberTool: sobriety tracking tool
Articles
The Impact of Covid-19 on Patients with Alcohol or Substance Use Disorder: Psychiatric Times explores substance use disorder during a pandemic.
Substance Use in Montana: A summary of state-level initiatives for the Department of Justice. Statewide report on substance use enforcement, monitoring, treatment, and prevention.
Books
Beyond Addiction: How Science and Kindness Help People Change (2014) by Jeffrey Foote, PhD, Carrie Wilkens, PhD, and Nicole Kosanke, PhD, with Stephanie Higgs
Clean: Overcoming Addiction and Ending America’s Greatest Tragedy (2014) and Beautiful Boy: A Father’s Journey Through His Son’s Addiction (2009), both by David Sheff
Videos
Beyond Labels: Substance Use Disorder Stigma Stories